Cram Session in Goniometry and Manual Muscle Testing

Lynn Van Ost, MEd, RN, PT, ATC, graduated in 1982 with a bachelor's degree in nursing from West Chester State College in West Chester, Pennsylvania; was certified by the Board of Certification in athletic training in 1984; graduated in 1987 from Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with a master's degree in sports medicine/athletic training; and received a second bachelor's degree in physical therapy in 1988 from Temple University. In addition to treating the general orthopedic population as a physical therapist, she has worked with both amateur and professional athletes and has more than 11 years of experience as an athletic trainer working with Olympic-level elite athletes at numerous international events, including the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympic games. She currently works for Doctors of Physical Therapy, LLC as an Onsite Physical Therapist. Jenna Morogiello, DAT, LAT, ATC, CSCS, graduated from West Chester University in 2015 with a bachelor's degree in athletic training and a minor in Spanish; Georgia Southern University in 2017 with a master's degree in kinesiology with a concentration in athletic training; and University of Idaho in 2020 with a clinical doctoral degree in athletic training. She was formerly the head athletic trainer for Campus Recreation and Intramurals at Georgia Southern University while serving as a preceptor and teacher in the master's of kinesiology program. She currently serves as the Director of the Human Performance Lab, Assistant Professor of Kinesiology, and Certified Athletic Trainer in the Department of Physical Education for the United States Military Academy at West Point.

Dedication Acknowledgments About the AuthorsPrefaceGONIOMETRY Section I: Cervical SpineThe Cervical Spine Section II: Upper ExtremityThe Scapulothoracic JointThe Shoulder (Glenohumeral Joint)The Elbow (Humeroulnar and Humeroradial Joints)The Forearm (Radioulnar Joint)The Wrist (Radiocarpal and Intercarpal Joints)The Fingers-Digits II to V (Metacarpophalangeal Joints)The Fingers-Digits II to V (Proximal Interphalangeal Joints)The Fingers-Digits II to V (Distal Interphalangeal Joints)The Thumb (Carpometacarpal Joint)The Thumb (Metacarpophalangeal Joint)The Thumb (Interphalangeal Joint) Section III: Thoracic and Lumbar SpineThe Thoracolumbar Spine Section IV: Lower ExtremityThe HipThe Knee (Tibiofemoral Joint)Tibial TorsionThe AnkleThe Subtalar Joint (Hindfoot)The Transverse Tarsal (Midtarsal) JointThe First Toe (Metatarsophalangeal Joint)The First Toe (Interphalangeal Joint)Toes II to V (Metatarsophalangeal Joints)Toes II to V (Proximal Interphalangeal Joints)Toes II to V (Distal Interphalangeal Joints) Section V: Temporomandibular JointThe Temporomandibular JointMANUAL MUSCLE TESTINGKey to Manual Muscle Grading Section VI: Neck/Upper ExtremitiesNeckScapulaShoulderElbowForearmWristFingers II to VThumb Section VII: Trunk/Lower ExtremitiesTrunkHipKneeAnkleGreat ToeToes II to VAPPENDICESAppendix A: General Procedure for Goniometric MeasurementAppendix B: Commonly Used Terms in GoniometryAppendix C: Normal Range of Motion Values in AdultsAppendix D: Anatomical ZeroAppendix E: Capsular PatternsAppendix F: General Procedure for Manual Muscle TestingAppendix G: Commonly Used Terms in Manual Muscle TestingAppendix H: Factors That May Cause Inaccurate Muscle TestingAppendix I: Precautions and Contraindications for Manual Muscle TestingAppendix J: Sample Goniometers, Smartphone Goniometer Application, and Other Tools for Muscle TestingBibliography Index