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This title was first published in 1975. The long history of China has produced many outstanding rulers, but few as significant as Ch'in Shih-huang, the first emperor of China. When he ascended the royal throne of Ch'in as King Cheng in 246 B.C., the territory of China was divided among several rival kingdoms, the last of a large number of states which had been engaged in almost uninterrupted warfare for centuries. Through a combination of warfare, diplomacy, and intrigue, King Cheng successively annihilated the rival six states, destroying the last in 221 B.C. Since 1972 a radically different official view of the First Emperor has been given prominence throughout China. Now he is seen as a farsighted ruler who destroyed the forces which had kept China divided, unified the nation, and established the first centralized state in Chinese history. This phenomenon prompts students of Chinese history and politics alike to ask; Is this only a historical controversy ? If not, what might be the motivation behind this movement? It is hoped that the materials in this volume, in addition to providing a representative sampling of the current reinterpretation of Ch'in Shih-huang, may also be helpful in formulating answers to the above and more questions.
Li Yu-Ning
Introduction, A note on the translations, The age in which Ch'in Shih-huang was born, The struggle between two lines in the ideological sphere during the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods, The preparations for unification, The struggle between restoration and counter restoration in the course of the founding of the Ch'in dynasty, The success of unification, The establishment of a new system for the consolidation of Unification, The struggle between " emphasizing the present while slighting the past'' and " using the past to criticize the present'', A brief discussion on Ch'in Shih-huang's violence, Ch'in Shih-huang's book-burning as seen from the bamboo slips unearthed in Ying-ch'ueh-shan, The role of Ch'in Shih-huang in progressive historical change, What is the origin of " the wailing of Meng Chiang-nu at the Great Wall''? On reading Liu Tsung-yuan's " Essay on Feudalism'', Why did Lin Piao revile Ch'in Shih-huang? A refutation of some Confucian fallacies concerning the causes of the downfall of the Ch'in dynasty, On the lesson of the experience of the Ch'in dynasty's downfall, On Li Ssu, On the " black-headed people".
